Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Meta are facing growing resistance across the United States as more states push back against large data centre projects, turning what was once a quiet infrastructure build-out into a political and public flashpoint. At least 11 states have proposed laws to restrict or pause new data centre construction since late 2025, while several others are seeing local protests or policy changes. The backlash comes as tech companies continue to invest heavily in data centres to power artificial intelligence systems.
Maine set to lead with first ban
According to a Wall Street Journal, Maine is likely to become the first state to take strong action. Lawmakers are advancing a bill that would pause large data centre construction until November 2027. The proposed rule would apply to projects using at least 20 megawatts of power, enough to supply more than 15,000 homes.Governor Janet Mills has previously indicated support for the pause, especially as concerns grow over rising electricity costs in the state.
Power, water and costs driving backlash
The opposition is being driven by multiple concerns. Residents and lawmakers say large data centres are putting pressure on power grids, increasing energy costs, and straining local infrastructure.Some communities are also worried about water usage and environmental impact. In several areas, projects have already been delayed or stopped due to local resistance.“Maine is the canary in the coal mine,” said Anirban Basu, chief economist at a construction trade group. “Maine will be the first of many states to have such moratoria.”
More states join the pushback
Beyond Maine, states like New York, South Carolina, Oklahoma and Ohio are considering similar restrictions. In Ohio, activists are even working to put a statewide ban on the ballot. Cities such as Denver and Detroit are also exploring limits, while smaller regions in states like Michigan and Indiana have already introduced temporary pauses.At the national level, lawmakers are also stepping in. Senator Bernie Sanders and Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez recently proposed a bill to pause data centre construction across the country.The issue is becoming politically sensitive ahead of upcoming elections, with leaders balancing economic growth against voter concerns.
